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			<div id="newshow-title">溶剂效应</div>
				<div id="newshow-time">发布人：网站管理员　发布时间：2023-4-17　点击：146次</div>
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				  <h1 id="activity-name" class="rich_media_title " style="font-size:22px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;" align="center">
	溶剂效应
</h1>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">在液相系统分析过程中，有没有遇到过色谱峰前延现象？为什么有时候同一个样品减小进样量色谱峰就变的很好看？日常的分析工作中，我们通常将更多精力集中在流动相和仪器方法的选择上，忽视了样品进样溶剂的重要性。</span>
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span><img style="height:463px;width:742px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417094862056205.png" width="900" height="434" />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;"><br />
</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">如果溶剂选择不当则会产生“溶剂效应”，使我们在定性和定量分析中产生误判，影响分析结果。因此，了解“溶剂效应”产生的原因及掌握避免“溶剂效应”的基本方法对我们分析工作者是十分必要的。今天小析姐就跟大家分享一下，液相分析过程中“溶剂效应”的那些事儿~</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p align="center">
	<strong><span style="color:#99bb00;">PART&nbsp;</span></strong><strong><span style="color:#99bb00;">0</span></strong><strong><span style="color:#99bb00;">1</span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="color:#99bb00;">溶剂效应是怎么回事儿</span></strong>
</p>
<p align="center">
	<span style="color:#99bb00;">&nbsp;</span>
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">1.溶剂效应的概念</span>
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">通常情况下对于溶剂效应理解为稀释剂溶剂强度大于流动相时造成色谱峰变形的现象。如用纯乙腈溶解样品，注入流动相为乙腈-水（18:82）的反相系统中，会造成峰分叉或拖尾的结果。但是这种概念不能解释实践中其他由稀释剂导致的色谱行为异常现象，如溶出曲线研究中pH6.8溶出介质的溶出样品主峰峰型异常、或加入SDS助溶后峰分叉等情况，这些情况中稀释剂的溶剂强度并不一定大于流动相，但是却发生了色谱行为异常的现象。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">鉴于许多由稀释剂导致的色谱行为异常现象不能用目前的溶剂效应进行解释，笔者认为有必要将溶剂效应的概念进行重新阐述：溶剂效应，是指由于供试品中特定组分在稀释剂与流动相中所处状态的差异对色谱行为的不利影响。如果这种不利影响较为严重，则可能造成明显的色谱行为异常，如峰分叉、拖尾等。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">
	<span style="font-size:12px;">产生溶剂效应的图</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<img alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417095054035403.jpg" />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">2.溶剂效应的产生过程解析</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"><strong>第一阶段：</strong>样品刚被注入系统，进入色谱柱后，流动相氛围中的目标物以正常速度被洗脱。因强溶剂洗脱，移动速度快，样品在空间上开始慢慢分裂。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<img style="height:176px;width:592px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417102538063806.jpg" width="296" height="92" />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	&nbsp;
</p>
<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span> 
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">第二阶段：</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">在一定时间内，溶剂氛围中的目标物移动始终快一些，前后两部分距离扩大。但移动快的目标物所处氛围逐渐被流动相稀释(注：因为溶剂和流动相均不保留)，其移动速度会逐渐降至正常流速。直到前面目标物的氛围完全被流动相替代，前后两部分的距离稳定下来。因而，样品溶剂与流动相洗脱强度差距越大，两部分目标物最终的距离拉的越大。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<img style="height:221px;width:612px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417102639423942.jpg" width="508" height="143" /><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">第三阶段：</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">所有目标物在色谱柱中正常移动，但分裂已不可逆转。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<img style="height:196px;width:659px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417102660276027.jpg" width="356" height="126" /><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>
</p>
<p>
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">经过检测器，同一目标物给出了两个色谱峰。其中进柱前即扩散进入流动相的那部分目标物组成了后面的色谱峰，它的保留时间与目标物的真实保留时间基本吻合。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<img style="height:399px;width:649px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417103070437043.jpg" width="412" height="317" /><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>
</p>
<span style="font-size:14px;">&nbsp;</span> 
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">简单概括，强洗脱溶剂不均衡地参与了目标物的洗脱，使色谱峰保留时间整体提前，而样品在柱前的不充分扩散导致了峰形扭曲。这种影响轻则导致峰展宽，严重时甚至导致峰裂分，给定性定量带来灾难。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p align="center">
	<strong><span style="background-color:#b8d100;">PART&nbsp;</span></strong><strong><span style="background-color:#b8d100;">0</span></strong><strong><span style="background-color:#b8d100;">2</span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="background-color:#b8d100;">溶剂效应为啥会发生！</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;" align="center">
	<span style="background-color:#b8d100;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">1.溶剂强度</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">在反相色谱系统中溶剂强度的顺序为水（最弱）＜甲醇＜乙腈＜乙醇＜四氢呋喃＜丙醇＜二氯甲烷（最强）。溶解样品的溶剂强度大于该样品出峰时流动相强度，样品溶剂可以看成流动相的一部分，一部分样品溶解于溶剂中会被迅速洗脱出色谱柱，而一部分样品溶解于流动相，被流动相洗脱出，这样会造成色谱峰的展宽或者分叉。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;"><strong><span></span></strong></span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	&nbsp;<img style="height:525px;width:639px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417103263406340.jpg" width="461" height="386" />
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">2.进样体积</span>
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;"></span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">当进样体积较小时，扩散至流动相中的溶质占大多数，且扩散在很短时间内完成，因此峰形与用流动相直接溶解样品无大差异。随着进样的体积增大，留在溶剂本身里的溶质的量逐渐增大，当进样体积增大到一定数量，留在溶剂里的溶质的量变得不可忽略，在色谱图上就表现为色谱峰的分叉、拖尾等。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;">&nbsp;</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;"><strong><span></span></strong></span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	&nbsp;<img style="height:339px;width:563px;" alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417103325092509.jpg" width="482" height="296" />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">3.溶剂与流动相的兼容性</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;">&nbsp;</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">有时，当我们使用流动相或流动相中的有机相无法直接溶解样品，这时很多小伙伴会选择使用氯仿、甲苯等能溶的溶剂，甚至DMSO这样的“万能溶剂”来溶解样品。这样进样的结果是溶剂与流动相不兼容，溶质难以在流动相中扩散。又如，在做参比制剂的溶出曲线中，溶媒中经常加入表面活性剂。而带有表面活性剂的溶剂进样后，由于溶质在含有表面活性剂的溶剂中的分配系数与在流动相中的分配系数存在较大差异，就会导致峰形的问题，甚至保留时间的漂移。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span><strong><span></span></strong>&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">4.电离状态</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:14px;">&nbsp;</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">电离状态的差异主要由溶剂和流动相各自的pH差异引起。我们都知道，在反相体系中，目标化合物的存在状态不同，保留行为会有明显的差异，而存在状态就取决于目标化合物在不同pH体系内的电离状态。若样品在溶剂和流动相中电离状态差异较大，样品溶液在接触流动相的过程中，来不及缓冲至流动相中的电离状态，这个时间如果较长，就容易表现为保留时间发生错位或峰形变形，如下图的案例。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<img alt="" src="/upfile/image/20230417/20230417103494619461.jpg" /><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:10px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#888888;">（流动相为pH 3.0缓冲盐。绿色谱图为对照品，另外三个谱图样品的溶剂从下至上分别为0.1%磷酸、纯化水、pH 3.0流动相）</span>
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:10px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#888888;"></span><strong><span></span></strong>&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
	<span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:bold;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:宋体;font-weight:700;color:#ff8c00;line-height:25px;">&gt;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:18px;font-family:&quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#e36c09;line-height:25px;">5.柱前管路</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">柱前管路内径越大、管路越长，越利于目标物向流动相扩散，而且使用更粗的管路比更长的管路有效(注：假设死体积相同)。虽然粗的管路加剧了等度条件下的柱外展宽，对柱效有危害，然而相较于峰分叉的危害而言，前者尚能接受。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">这就是为什么有时候会发现，HPLC的液相（管路死体积大）比UPLC的液相（管路死体积小）色谱峰型好。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<br />
</p>
<p align="center">
	<strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">PART&nbsp;</span></strong><strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">0</span></strong><strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">3</span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">有什么危害？</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:#000000;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;" align="center">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">1.导致柱效下降，危害分离；</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">2.危害峰形，危害定量，甚至危害定性；</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">比如，在LCMS中，扫描前体离子时，遇到这种情况，甚至不知道哪个峰才是目标物；</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">3.当标样和样品的溶剂不一致时，保留时间不吻合，同样危害定性；</span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">比如酒类成分分析，标样溶于纯水，样品是过滤的酒，后者的溶剂就是乙醇水，它的保留时间必定早于纯水溶解的标样；再比如水中污染物分析，目标物溶于有机相得到标样，而样品是过滤后的天然水；</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">4.强洗脱的溶剂在基质中提取出的杂质遇流动相会析出，堵塞针座、柱前管路或色谱柱。</span>
</p>
<p align="center">
	<strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">PART&nbsp;</span></strong><strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">0</span></strong><strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">4</span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="background-color:#99bb00;">应该怎样解决“它”？</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background:white;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;text-indent:0px;" align="center">
	<br />
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">1.溶剂强度</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">对于这一最普遍的溶剂效应，解决办法即调整稀释剂或流动相，使二者洗脱能力接近，或稀释剂洗脱能力稍低于流动相都是可以的。一般情况下，为避免溶剂强度差异导致的溶剂效应，反相色谱中较为稳妥的做法是稀释剂中有机相比例和流动相相当，必要时可略高于流动相，但应当据其评估其溶剂效应风险。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">2.进样体积</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">常规情况下，为了保证峰形，我们的进样体积都控制在5-20μL，尽量不要超过25μL。如果不能做到减少至合适的进样体积，为了得到较好的峰形，应尽量选择与流动相比例相同或接近的溶剂。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">3.溶剂与流动相的兼容性</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">使得溶剂与流动相能较好地兼容，目前办法有两个：</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">a.若流动相或流动相中的有机相无法直接溶解样品，则用可以溶解样品的溶剂溶解成高浓度储备液，然后用流动相稀释至所需浓度；</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">b.在流动相中加入同样的助溶剂或表面活性剂，或提高有机相的比例。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">4.电离状态</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span></strong>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">电离状态的差异许多情况下会表现为保留时间的漂移或不稳定。可以通过将样品溶液的pH调节至与流动相一致，或增大流动相的缓冲能力来改善。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">5.柱前管路</span></strong>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span></strong><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span>&nbsp;
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">对于梯度洗脱而言，在不影响分离度的情况下，可以改用较粗内径的柱前管路。(注意：若是等度洗脱，此方法会降低柱效；若是梯度洗脱，基本不影响柱效)。</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;"></span><span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">&nbsp;</span>
</p>
<p style="font-size:17px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:;font-style:normal;text-align:justify;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;">
	<span style="font-size:16px;font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;color:#4e4a4a;">以上便是本期液相色谱种“溶剂效应”的全部内容。高效液相色谱进样前，必须选择一种合适的溶剂体系，若溶剂选择不当会使得峰形发生不同程度的异常，进而影响分析结果。</span>
</p>
<p class="rich_media_title " style="font-size:22px;font-family:system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:#222222;font-style:normal;background-color:#ffffff;text-indent:0px;" align="center">
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